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The coordination between the high-pressure flushing vehicle and the nozzle is the most critical technical aspect of pipeline cleaning operations. The synergy between the two directly determines the cleaning effect, efficiency, and safety. The following is a detailed description of how they work together:

I. Basic Principles: Energy Transfer and Conversion

High-Pressure Flushing Vehicle: ? Provides a high-pressure water source. The engine drives a high-pressure plunger pump to pressurize the water in the tank (typically from tens of Bar to hundreds of Bar, or even thousands of Bar), forming a high-speed water flow with enormous kinetic energy.

Nozzle: ? Energy converter. Receives high-pressure water from the high-pressure pump and converts the water's pressure energy into the kinetic energy of a high-speed water jet through its designed nozzles (holes). At the same time, the special structure of the nozzle (such as rotating mechanism, offset design, protective cover, etc.) controls the direction, shape, and mode of action of the jet.

II. Key Points of Coordination

Nozzle Type Matches Job Requirements:

Rotating Nozzle: ? Most common and versatile.

Function: ? The nozzle rotates on the main body of the nozzle (relying on water jet recoil or mechanical drive) to produce a 360° rotating fan-shaped or conical water jet.

Coordination Advantages: ? Efficiently removes attachments around the pipe wall (grease, silt, scale, tree roots, etc.), covers a large area, and cleans evenly. Suitable for most conventional pipeline cleaning and preventive maintenance.

Rear Spray Nozzle:

Function: ? The nozzle mainly sprays backward (usually with some rotation or oscillation).

Coordination Advantages: ? Generates a powerful forward thrust to help the nozzle and hose advance in the pipe, especially suitable for long-distance, large-diameter, severely blocked pipes. Its powerful rear jet can directly impact and break up blockages (such as hard lumps, caked sludge).

Chain Nozzle:

Function: ? The nozzles are mounted on one or more rotating chains or arms.

Coordination Advantages: ? Produces an extremely violent "hammering" effect, specifically for breaking hard blockages (such as concrete blocks, severely caked sediment, tree roots). Needs to be used with high pressure.

Rust Removal/Descaling Nozzle:

Function: ? The nozzles are densely arranged to produce a high-impact rotating water jet.

Coordination Advantages: ? Specifically used to remove the rust, scale, old coatings and other hard attachments on the inner wall of metal pipes, preparing for subsequent repairs (such as spray lining).

Dredging Nozzle:

Function: ? Usually designed with a single or a few large-diameter nozzles to concentrate the water flow.

Coordination Advantages: ? Used for penetrating and opening severely blocked pipe openings or local hard blocks.

Cleaning Nozzle:

Function: ? The nozzle design focuses more on coverage and cleaning effect.

Coordination Advantages: ? After unblocking, used for thoroughly rinsing the pipe wall to remove residual dirt. Often combined with the function of a rotating nozzle.

Sewer Special Nozzle:

Function: ? Usually has a sturdy protective cover to prevent foreign objects from缠绕, and the nozzle design adapts to the sewage pipe environment.

Coordination Advantages: ? More durable and less prone to clogging in sewer environments containing a large amount of debris, fibers, and grease.

Matching of Nozzle Aperture and Pressure:

Basic Principle: ? The total power (pressure × flow) of the high-pressure pump is relatively fixed within a certain range.

Small Aperture: ? Produces extremely high single water jet velocity (strong impact force), but the total flow is small. Suitable for high-pressure, fine cleaning, descaling, penetrating hard objects . Requires the high-pressure pump to provide sufficient pressure support.

Large Aperture: ? Produces a large total flow, but the single jet velocity is relatively low (large coverage area, strong scouring force). Suitable for large flow flushing, removing loose silt, requiring thrust (rear spray) scenarios. Requires the high-pressure pump to provide sufficient flow support.

Consequences of Improper Matching:

Aperture too large and insufficient pressure: the water flow is weak, and the cleaning effect is poor.

Aperture too small and pressure too high: Although the jet impact force is strong, the total flow is too small, and the cleaning efficiency is low; and it may exceed the rated pressure of the pump, damaging the pump or pipeline; it is also more likely to cause excessive nozzle recoil, making operation difficult.

Key: ? According to the nozzle type, the object of operation (the nature of the blockage, the pipe material) and the ability of the pump, select the appropriate nozzle aperture combination to achieve the best balance between pressure and flow for the most efficient cleaning effect.

Matching of Nozzle Size and Pipe Diameter:

Basic Principles: ? The nozzle diameter should be slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe (usually 70%-90% of the inner diameter of the pipe).

Too small: ? The water jet cannot effectively impact the pipe wall, resulting in low cleaning efficiency; the nozzle is prone to rolling out of control in the pipe.

Too large: ? The nozzle gets stuck in the pipe and cannot move forward or backward, causing serious accidents ("head stuck"); the water jet cannot effectively diffuse, resulting in poor cleaning effect; excessive resistance puts a heavy burden on the hose.

Key: ? For pipes of different diameters, a nozzle of the corresponding size must be selected. . High-pressure flushing vehicles are usually equipped with various sizes of nozzles to adapt to different tasks.

Operating skills and coordination:

Forward and backward:

Mainly rely on the thrust of the rear spray nozzle or the pulling force of the hose reel to make the nozzle move forward.

When cleaning, usually use rotating while slowly retreating method (for rotating nozzles). The retreating speed should be uniform to ensure that each pipe section is fully cleaned.

When encountering resistance or needing to impact a specific point, you can appropriately "tap" forward and backward.

Pressure regulation:

According to the hardness of the blockage, the type of pipe material (PVC, concrete, cast iron, clay, etc.) and the type of nozzle, adjust the output pressure of the high-pressure pump in real time 。

For fragile pipes (such as old clay pipes, PVC pipes) or near joints, the pressure should be appropriately reduced to avoid damage.

For hard blockages or thick layers of dirt, the pressure can be appropriately increased.

Flow control: ? Adjust the flow rate by adjusting the engine throttle or the control valve of the pump, in conjunction with the nozzle aperture and pressure requirements.

Hose reel coordination: ? The winding and unwinding speed of the hose reel should be coordinated with the moving speed of the nozzle in the pipe to maintain moderate hose tension, neither too loose (risk of tangling and knotting) nor too tight (increasing resistance and wearing the hose).

III. Safety Precautions (Key Guarantees in Coordination)

It is strictly forbidden to point the nozzle at people: ? High-pressure water jets have extremely strong cutting and penetrating capabilities and are extremely dangerous! Ensure that the nozzle is inside the pipe during operation, and absolutely prohibit pointing it at people, animals, or equipment.

Anti-head stuck:

Pay close attention to the hose length markings and feed rate on the hose reel.

If you feel an abnormal increase in resistance, you should immediately stop moving forward and try to slowly retreat or reduce the pressure to flush.

Use nozzles with "release" or "safe detachment" designs.

Hose inspection: ? Check the high-pressure hose for wear, bulges, loose joints, etc. before each operation to prevent burst pipes from injuring people.

Protective equipment: ? Operators must wear qualified protective clothing, masks/goggles, waterproof gloves, safety boots, etc.

Environmental safety: ? Pay attention to pedestrians, vehicles, power lines, etc. in the work area and set up warning signs. Pay attention to slip resistance and harmful gases when treating sewage (ventilate or test if necessary).

Summary

The coordination of high-pressure flushing vehicles and nozzles is a technology + experience practice. Its core lies in:

Accurately select the nozzle type and size according to the task (blockage type, cleaning requirements, pipe material and diameter).

Scientifically match the nozzle aperture, pump pressure and flow rate to achieve the best energy output efficiency.

Achieve effective movement and cleaning coverage of the nozzle in the pipe through skilled operating techniques (advance and retreat speed, pressure adjustment, hose control).

Always put safe operating procedures first.

Only by deeply understanding the principle of high-pressure water jets, the characteristics of various nozzles, and accumulating experience through practice can the high-pressure flushing vehicle and nozzle be perfectly matched to complete the pipe cleaning and flushing tasks efficiently and safely.