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I. Technical Principle: Compound Mechanical Action of Water Jet

Mechanical Mechanism
High-pressure water jets (pressure usually 2000–2800 Bar) are accelerated through a nozzle, and when acting on the hull surface, they generate four core destructive forces:

Scouring Force : Directly impacts the surface of the fouling;

Wedging Force : Water flows into the gap between the fouling and the substrate, expanding and peeling it off;

Shear Force : Cuts the attachments laterally;

Grinding Force (When adding abrasives): Mixed sand particles enhance the cutting effect.
This process only destroys the attachments. Because the water pressure is lower than the compressive strength of the metal, the hull substrate is not damaged.

Environmental Protection
Using pure water or seawater as the medium, no chemical solvents are needed, avoiding VOC emissions; wastewater can be recycled after being filtered by the recovery system, meeting international environmental protection standards.

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II. Core Equipment System Composition and Technical Parameters

1. Host System

High-pressure pump : Mostly uses three-plunger or five-plunger pumps, with a pressure range of 2000–2800 Bar and a flow rate of 50–100 L/min. For example:

SY315: Pressure 2800 Bar, flow rate 45 L/min, power 266 kW;

Drive Source : Electric motor for fixed locations, diesel engine for field operations.

2. Actuator

Spray gun and nozzle ：

Fan-shaped nozzle (15° angle) for large-area cleaning (such as decks);

Rotary nozzle for curved surfaces (such as the bottom of the ship);

Abrasive nozzle (garnet sand) for hard calcium scale.

Automated Equipment ：

Cleaning robot: Wall-climbing robot for vertical surfaces;

Self-propelled cleaning vehicle: Suitable for ship bottoms.

3. Auxiliary System

Water treatment unit : Pre-filter (anti-clogging), wastewater recovery device (vacuum suction + 5μm filter);

Safety Protection : Waterproof high-pressure suit, helmet mask, hearing protector.

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?? III. Operating Procedures and Safety Points

Precise Parameter Control

Pressure and flow rate matching: High pressure (>2000 Bar) requires low flow rate (<80 L/min) to prevent substrate damage;

Spray angle: Vertical impact (90°) has the strongest peeling force, and the complex surface is adjusted to 30°–85°.

Safety Risk Prevention

High-pressure jet hazard : Misoperation can cause limb cuts, and a full set of protective equipment must be worn;

System Maintenance : Check high-pressure pipelines for wear and tear daily, and replace seals regularly;

Environmental Compliance : Wastewater containing oil must be separated and treated before discharge.

Efficiency Improvement Tips

Multi-gun parallel operation (e.g., SY450 supports dual guns);

Diesel-powered models (e.g., SY315) are suitable for piers without power.

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? Summary

High-pressure water cleaning technology for ships, with its high efficiency, environmental friendliness, and substrate friendliness , has become a core process in modern ship maintenance. Its successful application depends on the precise matching of equipment selection and operating parameters (e.g., ultra-high pressure for hulls, and hot chemical water for oil tanks), and safety regulations must be strictly followed to avoid high-pressure risks. Future development will focus on intelligence and ultra-high pressure, further consolidating its position in the green shipbuilding industry.